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David Minard
David Minard, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., MC USN (23 May 1913 - 9 October 2005) Mercury Seven heat stress physiologist for Project Mercury
In the late 1950s, Minard as a captain in the U.S. Navy and head of the physiology department at the Naval Medical Research Institute, helped to develop the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index utilized to measure heat stress in the military and other industrial settings. Minard, with Constantin Yaglou, created the wet bulb globe temperature index in 1957 for U.S. Marines training at Parris Island, South Carolina. It is still commonly used as a heat-stress index in the military, steel mills, marathon races and industrial environments.〔Yaglou, C. P., & Minard, D. (1956). Prevention of Heat Casualties at Marine Corps Training Centers. Harvard School of Public Health. Boston, MA.〕〔Yaglou, C. P., & Minard, D. (1957). Control of heat casualties at military training centers. AMA Archives of Industrial Health. 16(4): 302.〕〔Minard, D., Belding, H. S., & Kingston, J. R. (1957). Prevention of heat casualties. Journal of the American Medical Association. 165(14): 1813-1818.〕 In 1960, Minard used the heat stress index to evaluate the Mercury Seven astronauts for Project Mercury astronauts at the Naval Medical Research Institute in Bethesda, Maryland.〔Minard, D. (1964). Work Physiology. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal. 8(3): 427-436.〕
==Life and times==
In 1913, Minard was born in Fargo, North Dakota.〔Sullivan, Patricia. (15 October 2005). David Minard; Helped Create Heat-Stress Index. Obituaries. Washington Post. Washington, D.C.〕 During the time he was not engaged in his professional pursuits, he enjoyed photography and sailing. In 2005, he died after a stroke at Cambridge, Maryland.〔Sabatini, Patricia. (13 October 2005). Obituary: David Minard / Studied heat's effect on steel workers. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.〕
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